October 2024 is an important month for us. It is time for everyone to come together and spread awareness of this painful disease and its consequences. This blog provides a comprehensive guide on breast cancer, its risk factors, symptoms, support/resources, as well as opportunities for active participation in Breast Cancer Awareness initiatives.

According to the National Breast Cancer Foundation (NBCF), it is said that by 2024, more than 360,000 people will be diagnosed with breast cancer.

Most importantly, breast cancer impacts millions of women around the globe, making it a significant health concern. Yet, many women remain unaware of the importance of early detection and the steps they can take to protect themselves.

Technology has advanced, and with early detection methods and support, one can increase the chances of survival. By becoming informed and engaged, you can not only safeguard your health but also empower others in their journey against this disease. 

Learn how to protect yourself, your loved ones, and support others against breast cancer.

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What is breast cancer?

Breast cancer is a disease where malignant cells grow uncontrollably in the breast, with 80% of cases being invasive. The stage of the cancer is determined by the size and location of the primary tumor and its spread to lymph nodes. 

The TNM system (tumor, lymph node, metastasis) describes tumor size, lymph node location, and metastasis. Different types include lobular, ductal, and inflammatory breast cancers, but invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common. 

To plan the best breast cancer treatment, first understand the stages: clinical prognostic stage, pathological prognostic stage, and anatomic stage. Early detection and prompt breast cancer treatment can save lives, and a grading system predicts tumor growth and spread.

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Risk Factors of Breast Cancer: 

Several risk factors like these can increase the chances of developing it. Knowing these factors can help in breast cancer prevention and early detection.

  1. Age: The risk increases as you get older, especially after the age of 50.
  2. Personal factors: Your breast medical history, radiation to the chest or face before age 30, certain breast changes, pregnancy history, breastfeeding history, dense breasts.
  3. Family History: If your mother, sister, or daughter had breast cancer, your risk may be higher.
  4. Genetics: Mutations in genes like PALB-2, BRCA1, and BRCA2 significantly increase the risk of breast cancer.
  5. Hormonal Factors: Early menstruation, late menopause, and taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
  6. Lifestyle Factors: Lack of exercise, excessive alcohol, smoking, and obesity.

Additionally,

  1. Low Vitamin D Levels 
  2. Light Exposure at Night
  3. DES (Diethylstilbestrol) Exposure
  4. Eating Unhealthy Food
  5. Exposure to chemicals in hair dyes and straighteners, chemicals in cosmetics, chemicals in plastic, chemicals in sunscreen, chemicals in water, and fine-particle air pollution

According to NBCF, 60–70% of people with breast cancer have no connection to these risk factors at all, yet it's important to be aware of them; the rest, 30–40%, are caused by unknown factors. 

 

Symptoms to Watch For 

 An NIH statistic says that almost 83% of women had a breast lump. The following most commonly presenting symptoms were nipple abnormalities (7%), breast soreness (6%), and breast skin abnormalities (2%).

Symptoms to keep an eye out for include:

  1. A lump or thickening in or near the breast or armpit
  2. Changes in the size or shape of the breast
  3. Dimpling or puckering of the skin
  4. A nipple turned inward into the breast
  5. Unexplained pain in the breast
  6. Nipple discharge (other than breast milk), especially if it's blood
  7. Changes in the appearance of the nipple, areola, or breast skin, such as redness or scaling
  8. Dimples are found in breasts that look like the skin of an orange, called peau d’orange.

If you notice any of these symptoms, consult your doctor immediately. Early detection is the key to effective breast cancer treatment and a better chance of recovery.

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Importance of Early Detection

Breast cancer early detection can significantly increase the success of breast cancer treatment and can be prevented earlier. 

  1. Self-Breast Examination: Regular check for lumps or changes. Menstruating women should undergo a self-exam after their period ends. Postmenopausal women should perform one on the same day each month.
  2. Clinical Breast Examination: In-office healthcare professional's examination to identify abnormalities and warning signs, including breast appearance, skin examination, and fluid expression in the nipples.
  3. Mammograms: Women aged 30 and above should get mammograms or breast MRIs every year. Digital breast tomosynthesis is becoming more common.
  4. Regular Doctor Visits: Scheduling for professional examinations is crucial, especially when you have risk factors.

As per Cancer Research UK, breast cancer survivors are mostly 5 years or more if diagnosed early, while 3 in 10 women survive at the most advanced stage.

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How to Get Involved in Breast Cancer Awareness

Breast Cancer Awareness Month is a unique celebration that highlights the disease's impact on individuals. It provides an opportunity to show support, promoting early detection, research, and the fight against breast cancer.

  1. Join Awareness Rally: Participating in fundraising events like rallies helps raise both funds and awareness for breast cancer treatment and research.
  2. Share Information: Spread accurate information, the right hashtags, and visuals on social media, in your community, or among friends and family.
  3. Donation: Many organizations rely on donations to fund research for a cure and to support those undergoing breast cancer treatment.
  4. Volunteer: Support local charities and awareness groups by helping organize events or providing emotional support. Your contribution can make a difference.

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Resources and Support

Breast cancer can be overwhelming, but emotional and practical support from family and friends can help heal patients mentally and physically. Yet, there are numerous resources and support networks available to help patients and their families.

  1. Cancer Support Groups: Join local or online support groups or NGOs to connect with those who are going through the same journey. 
  2. Counseling Services: Emotional and psychological support from trained counselors can help patients cope with the emotional toll of the disease.
  3. Financial Support: Some organizations provide financial assistance to help cover breast cancer treatment costs.
  4. Educational Resources: Websites like Breastcancer.org, the National Breast Cancer Foundation, and the American Cancer Society offer detailed information on breast cancer.

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Conclusion

Understanding breast cancer is the first step toward prevention and supporting those affected by the disease. Awareness and early detection are critical components in the fight against breast cancer. Remember, regular screenings, being aware of risk factors, and acting promptly on any symptoms can save lives.

Let’s continue to spread awareness, encourage prevention, and support research efforts for better breast cancer treatment and, ultimately, a cure.

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